Statistics and Business Operational Research Methods

Question: Discuss about the Statistics and Business Operational Research Methods. Answer: Introduction: Poultry farming is the process of rearing poultry birds like ducks, goose, chickens for the purpose of meat and eggs (Khusro, Andrew and Nicholas 2012). A number of people in Australia are involved in poultry farming and processing of the products of these farms (Agyarko-Mintah et al. 2014). In this assignment, the change in the practices of poultry farming and its impact on the trade and commerce are being studied. An idea about the data collection methods, analysis and interpretation of the data are given in this assignment. Problem statement: The problem statement of this research is to investigate the impact of change in poultry farming practices on the income or profit figures. Research aim: The aim of the research is to investigate the result of the introduction of new poultry farming methods on trade and commerce. Research objective: The objective of the research is to find out the impact of the applications of new poultry farming methods on the trade and commerce. Research questions: The research questions are as follows: What is the new production rate of eggs and meat? What are the main items of export among the poultry farming products? Are the conditions of poultry farmers and workers in the processing units being imroved? Literature review: Poultry farming is an important agro based industry in Australia. The products obtained from these poultry farms like meat, eggs and eggs white and other products are processed and are sold in packages (Taylor, Butt and Amati 2015). New technologies are applied nowadays side by side along with the traditional poultry farming methods. A lot of companies are coming up in the present days that practices poultry farming (Hoque et al. 2015). Moreover, there has also been a steady growth of the industry since 1970(Arzey et al. 2012). The poultry farming also faces many threats. The free range introduced by the Australian Government increases the chance of avian influenza and other diseases in birds (liu et al., 2012). There is also a threat from El nino current which increases the chance of diseases in birds (Hernndez-Jover, Schemann and Toribio 2013). Variables and hypothesis: The variables involved in this research work are number of birds in a poultry farms, total production figures, salary of poultry workers, and job satisfaction of poultry workers. The production of eggs and meats depends on the number of poultry birds. Therefore, in a regression set up, the production figure will be the dependent variable and number of poultry birds is the independent variable. The salary of poultry workers and their job satisfaction is dependent on the production of poultry products and selling of those products. Therefore, production figures are the dependent variables and salary of workers and job satisfaction are the independent variables. The hypothesis that are to be tested are: H01: There is no change in the export values of poultry farming products. H02: There is a change in the export values of poultry farming products in the recent days. Operational definitions and measurements: The problem in this research work is to estimate the effect of change of export values due to introduction of new technologies in poultry farming. The data collected is both of primary and secondary type. The primary data collected is based on stratified sampling. The whole country is divided into different regions. Each region can be considered as one stratum. Thereafter, a sample is collected from each stratum. A 5% error can be tolerated as the figures are for the whole country and quite large. The secondary data that has been collected to Australian Bureau of Statistics is subjected to non sampling error. Research design and methodology: The data collected is the primary data. The primary data is collected by the process of stratified sampling procedure. The country experiences different types of climate in different regions. Consequently, the natural vegetation of the country will be different in different regions. Based on this, the country is divided into different strata and a sample is collected from each stratum. The research questions can be answered on the basis of the collected data. The data is not subjected to any constraint. Data collection: The data collected in this case includes both primary and secondary data. The primary data are to be collected from the poultry farms about number of birds in each farm, the total production figure of eggs, the total amount of meat produced, the salary of the poultry workers, and the job satisfaction experienced by each poultry worker. This particular data is collected from various poultry farms spread across different regions across the country. The number of poultry farms in the country is subdivided according to different regions. The outskirts of the regions of Sydney, Newcastle, Griffith, Byron Bay falls under the first category. The second category includes the farms of Redland Bay, north and south west regions of Mareeba. Outskirts of Adelaide, Wells area is part of the third group. Perths outer regions are under the fourth group. The regions of east of Melbourne, Geelong and Bendingo regions are under the fifth group. Moreover, the export import figures can be collected from the statistical tables of the site of Australian Bureau of Statistic (Abs.gov.au 2016). Data analysis: The analysis of the data can be carried out by applying various descriptive statistics methods. The measures of central tendency of previous years figures and current figure will reflect the effects of change in traditional poultry farming methods. Apart from these, the regression methods can be applied to find out the effect of change in traditional methods of poultry farming on export import values. In that case, the import export values will be the dependent variable and the production figures of eggs, meat will be the independent variable. A significant value of the regression coefficient will indicate the variable that has a major effect on the export figures. Conclusion: In this assignment the change of traditional methods of poultry farming of Australia will be studied. An outline idea about the methods of data collection and an analysis and interpretation of the data is given in this assignment. The impact of the use of new technology and enforcement of new laws regarding poultry farming on trade and commerce has been studied in this assignment. This would give an idea about the improvement brought about in trade and commerce due to the application of new technologies in poultry farming. The assignment would help the Australian people to take a deeper look into the matter and help to take necessary steps required to improve the condition of poultry farming. References: Abs.gov.au. (2016). 1292.0 - Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), 1993. [online] Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/DFC49DD61B6B05BCCA25697E0018FD2F?opendocument [Accessed 24 Aug. 2016]. Agyarko-Mintah, E., Cowie, A., Van Zwieten, L., Singh, B.P., Smillie, R. and Harden, S., 2014, June. Reducing Ammonia Emissions from Poultry Litter During Composting through the Use of Biochar. In20th WORLD CONGRESS OF SOIL SCIENCE(pp. 86-86). Arzey, G.G., Kirkland, P.D., Arzey, K.E., Frost, M., Maywood, P., Conaty, S., Hurt, A.C., Deng, Y.M., Iannello, P., Barr, I. and Dwyer, D.E., 2012. Influenza virus A (H10N7) in chickens and poultry abattoir workers, Australia.Emerg Infect Dis,18(5), pp.814-6. Hernndez-Jover, M., Schemann, K. and Toribio, J.A.L., 2013. A cross-sectional study on biosecurity practices and communication networks of poultry exhibition in Australia.Preventive veterinary medicine,110(3), pp.497-509. Hoque, M.A., Burgess, G.W., Cheam, A.L. and Skerratt, L.F., 2015. Epidemiology of avian influenza in wild aquatic birds in a biosecurity hotspot, North Queensland, Australia.Preventive veterinary medicine,118(1), pp.169-181. Khusro, M., Andrew, N.R. and Nicholas, A., 2012. Insects as poultry feed: a scoping study for poultry production systems in Australia.World's Poultry Science Journal,68(03), pp.435-446. Liu, D., Chai, T., Xia, X., Gao, Y., Cai, Y., Li, X., Miao, Z., Sun, L., Hao, H., Roesler, U. and Wang, J., 2012. Formation and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA) aerosols carrying antibiotic-resistant genes in a poultry farming environment.Science of the Total Environment,426, pp.139-145. Taylor, E., Butt, A. and Amati, M., 2015. Making the Blood Broil: Conflicts Over Imagined Rurality in Peri-Urban Australia.Planning Practice and Research, pp.1-18.